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Palestinian photojournalist Motaz leaves Gaza after 108 days — What it means for reporting on ground

Motaz Azaiza, an independent Palestinian photojournalist who extensively documented Israeli aggression and the widescale destruction of Gaza has evacuated the Strip “with a broken heart” and is now in Doha, Qatar.

On Tuesday, Azaiza shared his decision to leave the besieged strip on Instagram and X (formerly Twitter) with his combined 19.4 million followers.

“I had to evacuate for a lot of reasons. You all know some of it but not all of it,” he wrote in the caption.

“This is the last time you will see me with this heavy, stinky [press] vest. I decided to evacuate today,” he said in the video.

“I’m sorry but, Inshallah (God willing), hopefully soon I will come back […] and help build Gaza again,” he said as he bid farewell to the friends and colleagues around him.

A day later, he shared his departure as he boarded a Qatari military aircraft at Egypt’s El Arish International Airport.

The 24-year-old Palestinian drew attention across the world after he began to capture the brutal on-the-ground realities in Gaza ever since Israel started its air and ground attacks on the tiny occupied Strip following Hamas’ Oct 7 attacks, in which the group killed 1,139 people and took more than 200 people captive, according to Israeli officials.

Israel’s relentless offensive has so far killed at least 25,490 people in Gaza, around 70 per cent of them women and children, according to the health ministry in the territory.

Azaiza documented raw, unfiltered footage of wounded children and adults crushed under rubble as a result of countless Israeli air strikes.

“Should I be happy?” he stated in a clip as the plane headed towards Doha.

He went on to expand upon his decision, saying that he left Gaza with a “broken heart and eyes filled with tears”.

“There was no other option after 108 days of continuous massacres against us. It’s time to move somewhere else so I can do more work and I pray that I can be a reason to stop this war and help rebuild Gaza again,” he said on Wednesday.

“No time to rest. Keep calling for a ceasefire!” the photojournalist stressed.

People’s hero

Born and raised in the Deir Al-Balah Refugee Camp in Gaza, Motaz Hilal Azaiza did not intend to become famous. In 2021, he completed his studies in English Language and Literature at Gaza’s Al-Azhar University — a place that now lies in ruins due to Israel’s aggression.

Like numerous other graduates in Gaza, Azaiza faced unemployment as a photographer after graduation. Therefore, he created his Instagram account to show his land and its people in a positive light, contrasting the most mainstream coverage of the region.

He did, however, document Israel’s aggression in both 2014 and 2021. “It’s so cruel to even imagine it,” he said. “It was a paradise, now it is hell. I desperately dream of the days before, when I documented my people and my land. That’s all I can think about at the moment.

“I miss taking photographs of children playing on the swings, the elderly smiling, families gathering, the sights of nature and the sea, my beautiful Gaza. I miss all of that, and it pains me to remember it.”

After Israel began its military campaign against Hamas in Gaza, he started documenting the tragic aftermath of constant strikes and the resilience of children and people in the strip.

His following on Instagram grew from about 27,500 to 18.4 million in the more than 100 days since Oct 7, according to an assessment of social media analytics by Al Jazeera.

Amid the conflict, he documented himself among Palestinian children, all displaying peace signs, accompanied by the caption: “We teach you life, people.”

He was also recognised on a global stage by organisations such as Time, GQ magazines and Vogue Arabia. He was named the Man of the Year by GQ Middle East for 2023.

Last year’s November issue of Vogue Arabia paid homage to the “heroic commitment” of three journalists, namely Azaiza, Plestia Alaqad, Youmna El-Qunsol and two doctors, Dr Ghassan Abu-Sittah and Mohammed Al Ghoula for playing a vital role in Gaza’s humanitarian crisis.

Time magazine also included a photograph taken by Azaiza in its annual top 10 photos list.

A young girl stuck under her house rubble after it was bombed by Israeli airstrikes, Al Nusairat refugee camp, Oct 31, 2023. — Motaz Azaiza
A young girl stuck under her house rubble after it was bombed by Israeli airstrikes, Al Nusairat refugee camp, Oct 31, 2023. — Motaz Azaiza

In late October, he encountered a young girl trapped under the rubble of a house in the Al-Nusairat refugee camp after an Israeli airstrike. Despite seeing her through a hole, the darkness within the debris prevented him from knowing if she was alive or not.

“It’s not possible to see it with your own eyes. So I put the camera, I flipped the screen, and was seeing her through my camera,” he said.“

Using a low shutter speed on his camera, he brightened the image but could only capture a photo when a Civil Defence rescue worker illuminated her face while administering oxygen.

Azaiza expressed the emotional weight of the experience, emphasising the fortunate survival of the girl, “She’s so lucky she survived. What about people who, there was no hole for me to see them and they [were] still stuck under the rubble and they passed with no help.”

Despite the global traction on his social media, it is anything but easy for him. His family home in the Deir Al-Balah refugee camp was attacked killing at least 15 members of his family.

Why his evacuation matters

His decision to leave took everyone by surprise. Azaiza was one of the most popular voices on the ground who opened a window inside Gaza for the rest of the world.

His unfaltering dedication and consistent effort to deliver news over almost four months demonstrated the impactful role of reporting, even in the harshest circumstances.

He would not only risk his life while covering the events from the front lines, escaping Israeli bombardment but also time and again shared that his life was under constant threat.

His determination was unwavering and he was committed to documenting the atrocities inflicted upon his city by Israeli aggression.

“Another strike in my neighbourhood, this time I lost some of my neighbours and relatives,” he wrote in a caption for one of his many reels.

This one showcased harrowing visuals of people engulfed in flames, continuously crying out for help.

Nevertheless, he persevered for 108 days amid brutal strikes, in the middle of chaos, misery, and death. His choice to depart carries significant weight, especially as Gaza continues to lose more journalists, and Israeli strikes limit the presence of Palestinian voices reporting from the front lines.

As of Jan 23, at least 83 journalists and media workers have been killed in Gaza since Israel began its attacks on the strip, according to the Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ)’s preliminary investigations.

The first 10 weeks of the conflict were the deadliest recorded for journalists, with the most journalists killed in a single year in one location, CPJ added.

According to the government media office in Gaza, more than 100 journalists have been killed as of Dec 23, 2023.

“The number of journalists killed has risen to 100, men and women, since the start of the brutal war on the Gaza Strip, after the martyrdom of journalist Mohammed Abu Hweidy in an Israeli airstrike in the Shujaiya neighbourhood,” the media office said on Telegram.

On one hand, Azaiza’s evacuation is understandable since it has become almost impossible to live in and report from the besieged strip where more than 50 offices are damaged, leaving journalists no safe place to work and communication outages have become a norm.

On the other hand, his decision raises more questions for the international community about the possibility of honest journalistic work and the safety of journalists in conflict zones.



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Fazlur Rehman — KP’s comeback kid?

Maulana Fazlur Rehman is one of the most intriguing personalities in the realm of Pakistani politics.

Born in Dera Ismail Khan in 1953, Fazl took over the reins of Jamiat Ulema-i-Islam (JUI) in 1980 at the age of 27 when his father passed away. The party then split into two in the mid-80s — the JUI-F, led by Fazl, and the JUI-S, led by Samiul Haq — over whether to join Ziaul Haq’s government and also allegedly over personal differences. Like his father, Fazl draws his support from followers of the Deobandi school of thought which is part and parcel of JUI-F’s ideology.

Fazl, thanks to his father’s legacy, emerged as the leader of the more powerful faction. Although the party claims to hold intra-party elections every three years, he has been its head since 1980.

During the Musharraf era, Fazl reached the pinnacle of his influence, evident in his role as the leader of the opposition from 2004 to 2008. Additionally, a legislator from his party held the position of chief minister in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa government led by Muttahida Majlis-i-Amal during that time.

Performance in last six years

In the early 2010s, PTI emerged as a serious threat to the JUI-F, particularly in KP, and was strongly opposed by Fazl, who even went on to claim that a decree issued by ulemas stated that casting a vote in favour of Imran Khan was ‘haram’ (un-Islamic) in 2013.

The 2018 general elections brought more electoral misery for JUI-F chief as he lost in his traditional stronghold in Dera Ismail Khan to PTI’s Ali Ameen Khan Gandapur in NA-38 and PTI’s Muhammad Yaqoob Sheikh in NA-39.

This year, he is contesting from NA-44 (previously NA-38), Dera Ismail Khan as well as NA-265 Pishin, Balochistan while his youngest brother, Maulana Obaidur Rehman, is making his electoral debut from NA-45 (previously NA-39).

Even though Fazl himself failed to win any NA seats in 2018, he played a crucial role in the opposition against former PM Imran. In Oct 2019, he led a long march, dubbed as Azadi March, against the then-PTI government.

In September 2020, his party, along with PML-N and PPP, formed the Pakistan Democratic Movement (PDM), a coalition of 11 opposition political parties. They alleged that Imran’s victory in the 2018 general election was rigged by the country’s military establishment and demanded his resignation.

Fazl subsequently be­come the president of the PDM after his unanimous nomination by the heads of all the constituent parties.

Before announcing PDM’s “action plan” aimed at ousting PTI’s government, the JUI-F chief read out a 26-point declaration demanding an “end of establishment’s interference in politics, new free and fair elections after the formulation of election reforms with no role of armed forces and intelligence agencies” and more.

In Feb 2022, he announced that PDM had decided to move a no-confidence motion against the PM which proved to be a success in April when Imran became the first prime minister in Pakistan’s history to have been removed from office through that route.

Key stances

  • Fazl advocates the imposition of Shariah law in Pakistan but at the same time considers an armed struggle to do so against the teachings of Islam.

  • He says his party believes in a peaceful struggle for the implementation of Shariah and spreading the message of Islam. However, he has often allied with or supported parties that do not have a religious bent. Fazl has been a consistent PML-N ally since 2013. At the same time, he has also formed coalitions with other religio-political parties. For instance, in the 2018 elections, his party was a part of the broader MMA alliance of religious parties.

  • In the past, Fazl offered to mediate between the Pakistani Taliban and the government but changed his position on that front later on. He was also the target of suicide attacks carried out by militants.

  • The JUI-F chief has also opposed the merger of KP and Fata, which he says was not per the wishes of the tribal people. He had also suggested a referendum to understand what the people of Fata want. Fazl, however, also said he wouldn’t oppose the region’s mainstreaming, which he emphasised isn’t the same as a merger with KP.

  • The JUI-F chief has taken an anti-American position on occasion but has also changed tack on that front at times.

  • The JUI-F chief met Hamas leaders Khalid Mashaal and Ismail Haniya in Qatar to express solidarity with Palestine last November, saying, “Advocates of developed countries have blood-stained hands of innocent children and women.”

  • He has called on the country’s political leadership to ensure the release and repatriation of Aafia Siddiqui, who he said became a victim of the government’s flawed policies that were put in place to please the United States.

  • He was also against the restoration of Nato supply lines in 2012. The Americans, however, do not necessarily see him as anti-US. In fact, Internal State Department communications have described him as “more of a politician than a mullah”.

  • Fazl has also routinely opposed laws for the protection of women and laws revising the legal age of marriage, calling them ‘Western’ in character and damaging to Pakistani society and culture.

  • He also rejected the ‘judicial murder’ of Mumtaz Qadri and called him a martyr, saying the hanging was based on bad intent and could be part of a conspiracy to abolish Pakistan’s blasphemy laws.



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ECP freezes development funds of local govt institutions till announcement of election results

The Election Commission of Pakistan (ECP) on Tuesday directed that all development funds pertaining to local government institutions be frozen with “immediate effect” till the results of the February 8 polls were announced.

The commission issued the directives in a notification, a copy of which is available with Dawn.com. In the notification, the electoral watchdog said that it was charged with ensuring polls were conducted “honestly, justly, fairly and in accordance with the law”.

It further said that it was imperative for the commission to take all necessary steps to prevent local government institutions and cantonment boards from taking any such action which amounted to “influencing” the results of the polls.

The electoral watchdog added that it was also necessary to provide a level playing field for political parties and contesting candidates.

In light of this, the ECP directed that all local government functionaries in the provinces, including cantonments, would perform their duties and attend to the day-to-day matters of sanitation and cleanliness, “which was necessary to run the affairs of local governments”.

It further directed to not announce or execute any kind of development schemes, except those which were approved before the election schedule was announced on December 15.

The ECP instructed that local governments and cantonment boards not issue tenders for such schemes till the culmination of the general elections and without the commission’s prior approval.



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19th Dawn Education Expo to kick off in Karachi on January 27

The 19th Dawn Education Expo opens in Karachi on January 27-28 at the Pearl Continental Hotel.

Key features of the Education Expo include:

Representation from over 80 global universities

The Education Expo features stalls from over 80 universities globally. Representatives of these universities will be present to share information on university requirements and pre-requisites, programmes on offer, financial aid, etc.

The universities participating in the Education Expo include those from Australia, Austria, Canada, France, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Japan, Malaysia, North America, Pakistan, UK, Turkey, UAE, and USA.

University representatives will also provide one-on-one sessions with potential students to discuss their concerns and queries.

Academic and career counselling

Academic and career counselling services — whose expertise lie in university admissions, visa applications, and financial aid — will also be present. Such services draw up a roadmap to help candidates pursue their desired career.

Information regarding scholarship criteria

A number of scholarships are available worldwide for diverse academic fields, backgrounds, and career goals.

Students can stay informed on the funding options, eligibility criteria, deadlines to apply for financial support in higher education.

Interactive workshops

Information sessions and interactive workshops will also be taking place. Some important sessions to note include: the British Council workshop on IELTS, the UK Government Scholarships session, registering for the UK Alumni Portal, and the Canadian High Commission session on visa criteria

Register for the 19th Dawn Education Expo and follow the Instagram account Dawn Education Expo to stay updated on the workshops and other information.



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Info minister says international journalists, observers to cover Feb 8 elections

Caretaker Information Minister Murtaza Solangi said on Tuesday that international observers and journalists would visit Pakistan to monitor and cover the February 8 general elections.

Last year in October, the Election Commission of Pakistan (ECP) had asked the Foreign Office to take all necessary steps to invite international observers for the elections. Later that month, the electoral watchdog had extended an invitation to international observers.

In a letter sent to the secretaries of interior and foreign affairs ministries, the ECP had stated, “We would take this opportunity to welcome international observers to observe the polling process neutrally, impartially with their very well-articulated feedback and reports.”

Addressing a news conference today in Islamabad, Solangi announced that 49 visas had been issued so far to foreign journalists while 32 were currently under process.

“I can tell you that our high commission in New Delhi has received around 24 requests that are also under process,” Solangi said. “The total requests received from various outlets are 174,” he said.

Commenting on the details of international observers, the information minister said 25 applications from Britain, eight from the Russia, 13 from Japan, five from Canadian parliamentarians, two from South Africa, and five requests from Commonwealth nations were also being processed.

Solangi confirmed that local journalists had been given 6,065 accreditation cards. Of these, 1,200 were from Lahore, 1,470 from Karachi, 600 from Quetta, 1,050 from Peshawar, 355 from Hyderabad, 250 from Faisalabad and 290 from Multan, he said.

The information minister said accreditation cards issued to foreign journalists and international observers were only restricted to Karachi, Lahore, and Islamabad.

“But if any foreigner wants to visit any other city, it is being processed on a case-to-case basis,” he added. “Despite the passing of the January 20 deadline, election commission and information ministry officials are looking at the submitted requests,” he said.

Solangi said representatives of several international media outlets including CNN, BBC, Germany’s Deutsche Welle News and some from Japan already had a presence in the country.

Information Secretary Shahera Shahid, Director General of Radio Pakistan Saeed Ahmed Sheikh, and Executive Director General External Publicity Wing Ambreen Jan were also present at the press conference.



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Govt says over 500 social media accounts involved in anti-judiciary campaign identified

The caretaker government said on Monday it had identified 500 social media accounts involved in running a “malicious campaign” against the judiciary, adding that it was also monitoring several other similar accounts.

“An investigation is under way. We are monitoring hundreds of accounts and action will be taken against them,” interim Information Minister Murtaza Solangi said at a press conference in Islamabad. The minister said these accounts were being operated from both within and outside the country.

Last week, the interior ministry constituted a five-member joint investigation team (JIT) to “ascertain facts behind a malicious social media campaign” against Supreme Court judges.

The panel — formed under Section 30 (power to investigate) of the controversial Prevention of Electronic Crimes Act (Peca) 2016 — was convened by the additional director general of the Federal Investiga­tion Agency’s (FIA) cybercrime wing, according to an interior ministry notification.

It also comprised representatives of the Intelli­gence Bureau, Inter-Serv­ices Intelli­ge­nce, the Pak­is­tan Telecom­m­u­nication Authority (PTA), and the deputy inspector general of Islamabad police. The team can co-opt any other member if required.

The JIT was formed as Pakistan’s premier legal bodies came to the aid of Chief Justice of Pakistan (CJP) Qazi Faez Isa and the Supreme Court against the backdrop of a “smear campaign” that erupted on social media soon after the Jan 13 judgement — when the apex court upheld the Election Commission of Pakistan’s decision to revoke the PTI’s iconic electoral symbol, the cricket bat, and declare its intra-party polls “unconstitutional”.

In a press conference alongside PTA Director General Ahmed Shamim Pirzada and FIA Cybercrime Director Operations Waqaruddin Syed today, Solangi said the JIT was doing its job.

He read out loud Article 19 of the Constitution, which states that “every citizen shall have the right to freedom of speech and expression, and there shall be freedom of the press, subject to any reasonable restrictions imposed by law in the interest of the glory of Islam or the integrity, security or defence of Pakistan or any part thereof, friendly relations with foreign States, public order, decency or morality, or in relation to contempt of court, 33[commission of] 33 or incitement to an offence”.

“But there are some who spread lies as a business,” the minister lamented. He asserted that the law did not discriminate and anyone who went against it would be dealt with accordingly.

“As we head towards elections, fake ‘information’ will increase,” Solangi warned, urging the public to verify content and information before sharing it onward.

Meanwhile, PTA’s Pirzada said the authority had the right to block and remove content that was against the “interest and glory of Islam, integrity, security and defence of Pakistan, public order, morality and contempt of court” under Section 37 of Peca.

“Any person can report different types of content on the PTA website,” he said, adding that the watchdog addressed all the complaints.

Regarding social media complaints, the official said the watchdog held meetings with social media companies every three or four months during which reservations and complaints were shared. Pirzada added that as the reach of social media widened with time, there was a need for awareness pertaining to the authenticity of content.

Separately, FIA’s Waqaruddin assured that the agency was on alert and would not delay taking action against “anti-state elements”.

“We will not allow anyone to eliminate the trust of the public in state institutions and use social media applications like a weapon against the country,” he asserted, adding that all the FIA police stations had been directed to take immediate action in any such instance.

At the outset of the press conference, Solangi said that the caretakers had taken their oath under the Constitution and the country too was being run as per the Constitution. “And the preamble [of the Constitution] says that the country will be run by its elected representatives […] God willing, we are very close to that day,” he said.

“On February 8, Thursday, the people of Pakistan will elect their representatives and a new legal and constitutional government will come forth,” he added.



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Ex-minister Fawad Chaudhry announces ‘complete boycott’ of Feb 8 polls

Former information minister Fawad Chaudhry on Monday announced that he and his “group” would “completely boycott” the upcoming general elections, terming the electoral process “fake”.

The imprisoned politician made the remarks in a handwritten letter addressed to the Election Commission of Pakistan (ECP), a copy of which is available with Dawn.com. His official account on X also reposted a copy of the letter his brother Faisal shared on the social media platform.

In the letter, Fawad stated that “under these circumstances, my group and I announce a complete boycott of these elections”. It was not immediately clear which group he was referring to.

Fawad was one of many PTI leaders who had left the party following violence in the country on May 9, when former prime minister Imran Khan was arrested from the Islamabad High Court premises.

Although Fawad had said at the time that he was “taking a break from politics”, he was seen at the launch ceremony of the Jahangir Khan Tareen-led Istehkam-i-Pakistan Party (IPP) in June. However, He has kept quiet on whether he is officially a part of the IPP — which has been joined by several PTI leaders in the aftermath of May 9.

He was arrested from Islamabad on November 4 in a corruption case and has been in custody since.

In his letter, Fawad recalled that the ECP had failed to hold elections in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Punjab last year after the respective provincial assemblies had been dissolved.

“The aim of elections is to provide the public with the authority to ‘choose’,” he stated, before proceeding to detail recent actions taken against him in the run-up to the February 8 polls.

“First of all, I was arrested in false cases so that I resign from [contesting] the elections myself,” he said. He further stated that his nomination papers were rejected, while the subsequent appeal was also rejected by a Rawalpindi election tribunal.

He added that when his brother Faraz went to Jhelum to submit his nomination papers, “he was arrested and threatened” and also told that “you should not be seen back in Jhelum”.

The former PTI leader said that despite facing “obstructions”, he, his wife and brother filed their nomination papers. However, the couple’s candidature was rejected by the returning officers for “not declaring two plots in a [housing] society in Jhelum”.

Fawad added that when he challenged the rejection in the relevant high court, he “found out that no such society existed in Jhelum”. “Neither ownership of any land nor any request for a plot or any transaction,” he said.

The politician then claimed that the court set aside the RO’s objections but his candidature was still rejected for a “wrong verification page” and for “not declaring our Easypaisa account”.

Without specifying any political affiliation, he stated, “All of my workers and leaders were threatened. They were arrested and ordered to avoid taking part in the electoral process.”

The former minister added: “When they found out that my brother Faisal Chaudhry’s [nomination] papers have been accepted, they named him as co-accused along with me in a NAB case.”

“I am ready to bear all hardships but it would be inappropriate to involve my workers, friends, family and voters in further calamities when the results are already prepared,” he said.

Terming it a “waste of time” to demand resignations from ECP officials, Fawad asserted that the ECP had “failed horribly in fulfilling its responsibilities”.

“A government formed through such elections will not only be deprived of a moral but legal mandate as well, and would not at all have the capability to fight the country’s crises and challenges,” he said.



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